外國短篇小說作者主人公

A. 外國三大短篇小說家是誰

法國 莫泊桑，代表作《羊脂球》《項鏈》。

俄國 契訶夫，代表作《萬卡》《第六病室》《套中人》。

美國 歐·亨利，代表作《麥琪的禮物》《警察與贊美詩》。

B. 推薦外國一些著名中短篇小說家及其作品

奠泊桑，法國批判現實主義作家，著有300 篇短篇和長篇小說，代表作有《羊脂球》、《俊友》等，課文收有《項鏈》，《我的叔叔於勒》等。

莎士比亞，英國文藝復興時期偉大的劇作家和詩人。流傳劇本37 部，長詩兩首，十四行詩154 首，代表作品有《羅密歐與朱麗葉》、《哈姆雷特》、《奧賽羅》、《李爾王》等。

契訶夫，19 世紀末期俄國傑出的批判現實主義作家，舉世聞名的短篇小說巨匠和著名的劇作家，代表作有短篇小說《套中人》、《變色龍》、《哀傷》、《苦惱》、《萬卡》等，劇本《萬尼亞舅舅》、《伊凡諾夫》、《海鷗》、《櫻桃園》等。

高爾基，偉大的無產階級作家，前蘇聯社會主義文學奠基人。著有《高爾基全集》69 卷。其中著名的作品有自傳體三部曲《童年》、《在人間》、《我的大學》等，《母親》是他的代表作。

馬克·吐溫，美國傑出的批判現實主義作家，代表作有《鍍金時代》、《湯姆·索亞歷險記》、《哈克貝利·費恩歷險記》，晚年著有《敗壞了赫德萊保的人》。

歐·亨利，美國短篇小說家，著有《麥琪的禮物》、《警察與贊美詩》、《最後的藤葉》等。

伏契克，捷克斯洛伐克民族英雄、新聞記者、作家，著有《親愛的國家裡》、《絞刑架下的報告》。

安徒生，丹麥童話作家。著有《皇帝的新衣》、《夜鶯》、《丑小鴨》、《賣火柴的小女孩》、《影子》、《老房子》、《母親的故事》、《園丁和主人》等。

C. 世界文壇三大「短篇小說之王」分別是哪三位呢

世界三大短篇小說家有以下三人：
（1）莫泊桑
十九世紀法國著名的批判現實主義小說家。1880年發表第一個短篇小說《羊脂球》，此後陸續寫了一大批思想性和藝術性完美結合的短篇小說，博得世界短篇小說巨匠的贊譽。他的創作廣泛而深刻地反映了十九世紀（1）莫泊桑
十九世紀法國著名的批判現實主義小說家。1880年發表第一個短篇小說《羊脂球》，此後陸續寫了一大批思想性和藝術性完美結合的短篇小說，博得世界短篇小說巨匠的贊譽。他的創作廣泛而深刻地反映了十九世紀後半期的法國社會現實，無情地揭露了資產階級道德風尚的丑惡，對下層社會的「小人物」寄予同情。小說構思新穎，描寫生動，人物語言個性化，布局謀篇別具匠心。代表作有短篇小說《羊脂球》、《項鏈》等，長篇小說《一生》、《俊友》（又譯做《漂亮的朋友》等。
（2）契可夫
十世世紀俄國批判現實主義作家、戲劇家和短篇小說藝術大師。他的早期合作諷刺和揭露了俄國社會官場人物媚上欺下的丑惡面目，寫得諧趣橫生，發人深思。八十年代中期，他創作了既幽默又富於悲劇的短篇小說，反映了社會底層人民的被侮辱被損害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意義。代表作有短篇小說《變色龍》、《苦惱》、《萬卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）歐.亨利
十九世紀末二十世紀初美國現實主義著名作家。曾被誣告罪入獄三年。後遷居紐約，專事寫作，他幾乎每周寫一篇短篇小說，供報刊發表。他一生創作了近三百篇短篇小說和一部長篇小說，對腐朽的資本主義制度、反人道的法律、虛偽的道德給予揭露和諷刺。代表作有長篇小說《白菜與皇帝》，短篇小說《麥琪的禮物》、《警察與贊美詩》等。後半期的法國社會現實，無情地揭露了資產階級道德風尚的丑惡，對下層社會的「小人物」寄予同情。小說構思新穎，描寫生動，人物語言個性化，布局謀篇別具匠心。代表作有短篇小說《羊脂球》、《項鏈》等，長篇小說《一生》、《俊友》（又譯做《漂亮的朋友》等。

D. 著名短篇小說作家的簡介

世界三大短篇小說大師：莫泊桑、歐亨利、契科夫。
1、居伊·德·莫泊桑（Guy de Maupassant）。於1850年8月出生在法國西北[1]部諾曼底省狄埃卜城附近一個沒落的貴族家庭。他的祖輩都是貴族，但到他父親這一代時沒落了，父親做了交易所的經紀人。他的母親出身於書香門第，愛好文學，經常對文學作品發表議論，見解獨到。莫泊桑出生不久，他的父母由於經常鬧矛盾而分居了，他和母親住在海邊的一個別墅里。幼年時的莫泊桑喜歡在蘋果園里遊玩，在草原觀看打獵，喜歡和農民、漁夫、船夫、獵人在一起聊天、幹活，這些經歷使莫泊桑從小就熟悉了農村生活。從童年時代起，母親就培養他寫詩，到兒子成為著名作家時，她仍然是莫泊桑的文學顧問、批評者和助手，所以他的母親是他走上文學創作道路的第一位老師。另一位為莫泊桑走上文學道路打下基礎的是他13歲在盧昂中學學習時的文學教師路易·布耶。路易·布耶是一個著名的巴那派詩人，他經常指導莫泊桑進行多種體裁的文學創作。
1870年，莫泊桑中學畢業後到巴黎入大學學習法律。這一年普法戰爭爆發，他應征入伍。在軍隊中，他親眼目睹了危難中的祖國和在血泊中呻吟的兵士，心裡十分難過，他要把自己的所見所聞寫下來，以激發人們的愛國熱情。1871年，戰爭結束後，莫泊桑退役回到巴黎。
1870年，莫泊桑中學畢業後到巴黎入大學學習法律。這一年普法戰爭爆發，他應征入伍。在軍隊中，他親眼目睹了危難中的祖國和在血泊中呻吟的兵士，心裡十分難過，他要把自己的所見所聞寫下來，以激發人們的愛國熱情。1871年，戰爭結束後，莫泊桑退役回到巴黎。
其創作盛期是80年代，創作了350多部中短篇小說，在揭露上層統治者及其毒化下的社會風氣的同時，對被侮辱被損害的小人物寄予深切同情。
莫泊桑的作品對後世產生了極大影響。除了《羊脂球》（1880）,這一短篇文庫中的珍品之外，莫泊桑還創作了包括《一家人》（1881）、《我的叔叔於勒》（1883）、《米隆老爹》（1883）、《兩個朋友》（1883）、《項鏈》（1884）及《西蒙的爸爸》、《珠寶》、《小步舞》、《珍珠小姐》等在內的一大批膾炙人口、思想性和藝術性完美結合的短篇佳作。 莫泊桑的長篇小說也達到比較高的成就。
屠格涅夫認為他是19世紀末法國文壇上「最卓越的天才」。托爾斯泰認為他的小說具有「形式的美感」和「鮮明的愛憎」，他之所以是天才，是因為他「不是按照他所希望看到的樣子而是照事物本來的樣子來看事物」，因而「就能揭發暴露事物，而且使得人們愛那值得愛的，恨那值得恨的事物。」左拉：他的作品「無限地豐富多彩，無不精彩絕妙，令人嘆為觀止」。恩格斯：「應該向莫泊桑脫帽致敬。」
他勤奮地創作了一生，由於過度勞累得了精神錯亂症，後來被送進巴黎的一家瘋人院。1893年7月6日莫泊桑逝世，年僅43歲。
2、歐亨利
歐·亨利是其筆名，原名為威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter)。美國著名批判現實主義作家，世界三大短篇小說大師之一。曾被評論界譽為曼哈頓桂冠散文作家和美國現代短篇小說之父。他的作品構思新穎，語言詼諧，結局常常出人意外，代表作有小說集《白菜與國王》、《四百萬》、《命運之路》等。其中一些名篇如《愛的犧牲》、《警察與贊美詩》、《帶傢具出租的房間》、《賢人的禮物》、《最後一片藤葉》等使他獲得了世界聲譽。
原名威廉·西德尼·波特（William Sydney Porter），是美國最著名的短篇小說家之一，曾被評論界譽為曼哈頓桂冠散文作家和美國現代短篇小說之父。他出生於美國北卡羅來納州格林斯波羅鎮一個醫師家庭。
他的一生富於傳奇性，當過葯房學徒、牧牛人、會計員、土地局辦事員、新聞記者、銀行出納員。當銀行出納員時，因銀行短缺了一筆現金，為避免審訊，離家流亡中美的宏都拉斯。後因回家探視病危的妻子被捕入獄，並在監獄醫務室任葯劑師。他創作第一部作品的起因是為了給女兒買聖誕禮物，但基於犯人的身份不敢使用真名，乃用一部法國葯典的編者的名字作為筆名。1901年提前獲釋後，遷居紐約，專門從事寫作。
歐·亨利善於描寫美國社會尤其是紐約百姓的生活。他的作品構思新穎，語言詼諧，結局總使人「感到在情理之中，又在意料之外」；又因描寫了眾多的人物，富於生活情趣，被譽為「美國生活的幽默網路全書」。代表作有小說集《白菜與國王》、《四百萬》、《命運之路》等。其中一些名篇如《愛的犧牲》、《警察與贊美詩》、《麥琪的禮物》（也稱作《賢人的禮物》）、《帶傢具出租的房間》、《最後一片藤葉》等使他獲得了世界聲譽。
3、契科夫
安東·巴甫洛維奇·契訶夫( Аnton chekhov.Антон Павлович Чехов.1860～1904) 俄國小說家、戲劇家、十九世紀末期俄國批判現實主義作家、短篇小說藝術大師。1860年1月29日生於羅斯托夫省塔甘羅格市。祖父是贖身農奴。父親曾開設雜貨鋪，1876年破產，全家遷居莫斯科。但契訶夫隻身留在塔甘羅格，靠擔任家庭教師以維持生計和繼續求學。1879年進莫斯科大學醫學系。1884年畢業後在茲威尼哥羅德等地行醫，廣泛接觸平民和了解生活，這對他的文學創作有良好影響。1904年6月，契訶夫因肺炎病情惡化，前往德國的溫泉療養地黑森林的巴登維勒治療，7月15日逝世。他和法國的莫泊桑，美國的歐·亨利 齊名為三大短篇小說巨匠。
嚴格來說，契訶夫不是在「寫」小說，或者像我們通常意義上的作家在編小說，他是在「吐」小說，「流」小說。他無需編故事，他甚至也不要構思，他的故事在空中四處盪漾。他能從任何角度開篇，又能從任何章節斷流，但都是天衣無縫，都是自然膠合。他的人物不請自來，他的情節隨手拈來。他彷彿只要拿起筆，就像擰開了自來水龍頭，小說便如水源源流出……
在19世紀80年代的俄國，反動的書刊檢查制度空前嚴格，庸俗無聊的幽默刊物風靡一時。契訶夫開始創作時常以安東沙·契洪特等筆名，向這類雜志（如《蜻蜓》、《斷片》）投稿。短篇小說《一封給有學問的友鄰的信》(1880年)和幽默小品《在長篇、中篇等小說中最常見的是什麼？》(1880年)是他初期發表的作品。80年代中葉前，他寫下大量詼諧的小品和幽默的短篇小說，很多是無甚價值的笑料和趣事，但其中也有一些比較優秀的作品，繼承俄羅斯文學的民主主義優良傳統，針砭當時社會的丑惡現象，如寫卑欺強節的小官吏（《在釘子上》、《小公務員之死》、《勝利者的勝利》，均1883年），凌辱弱者的士紳和老爺（《英國女子》1883年），見風使舵的奴才骨（《變色龍》，1884年），專制制度的衛道士（《普里希別葉夫中士》，1885年）。但他迫於生計和缺乏經驗，在當時主要只求速成和多產。1886年3月，名作家格里戈羅維奇寫信要他尊重自己的才華，他深受啟發，開始嚴肅對待創作。寫於1886年的《凡卡》、《苦惱》和1888年的《渴睡》，表現了作家對窮苦勞動者的深切同情。1888年問世的著名中篇小說《草原》描繪和歌頌了祖國的大自然，思考農民的命運，表達人民對幸福生活的渴望。《命名日》(1888年)和《公爵夫人》(1889年)等暴露了偽善、愛慕虛榮和庸俗等習氣。這些作品在思想內容和藝術技巧方面都有明顯進展。但受小資產階級環境影響的契訶夫在這時不問政治，只「想做一個自由的藝術家」，要有「最最絕對的自由」。他從1886年起為反動文人蘇沃林發行的《新時報》撰稿，雖經批評家尼·米哈伊洛夫斯基的勸告，仍同它保持關系。1888年10月，契訶夫獲「普希金獎金」半數。這時他已是5部短篇小說集的作者（《梅爾波梅尼的故事》，1884年；《五顏六色的故事》，1886年；《在昏暗中》，1887年；《天真的話》，1887年；《短篇小說集》，1888年）。聲譽和地位的日益增高，使他強烈地意識到自己作為作家的社會責任感，認真地思索人生的目的和創作的意義。他說：「自覺的生活，如果缺乏明確的世界觀，就不是生活，而是一種負擔，一種可怕的事情。」這種思想形象地表現在中篇小說《沒意思的故事》(1889年)里。
從這個時期起，契訶夫開始創作戲劇。獨幕劇《結婚》(1890年)和《論煙草的危害》(1886年)、《蠢貨》(1888年)、《求婚》(1888～1889年)、《一個不由自主的悲劇角色》(1889～1890年)、《紀念日》(1891～1892年)等輕松喜劇在思想內容和喜劇性上接近於他的早期幽默作品。劇本《伊凡諾夫》(1887～1889年)批判缺乏堅定信念、經不起生活考驗的80年代的「多餘的人」。
1890年4月至12月，體弱的契訶夫不辭長途跋涉，去沙皇政府安置苦役犯和流刑犯的庫頁島游歷，對那裡的所有居民、「將近一萬個囚徒和移民」逐一進行調查。庫頁島之行提高了他的思想覺悟和創作意境。1891年他在一封信里說：「……如果我是文學家，我就需要生活在人民中間……我至少需要一點點社會生活和政治生活，哪怕很少一點點也好。」他開始覺察到，為《新時報》撰稿所帶給他的只是「禍害」，終於在1893年同這家刊物斷絕關系。他對俄國的專制制度有了比較深刻的認識，寫出了《庫頁島》(1893～1894年)和《在流放中》(1892年)等作品，而最重要的則是震撼人心的《第六病室》(1892年)。這部中篇小說控訴監獄一般的沙皇俄國的陰森可怕，也批判了他自己不久前一度醉心的「勿以暴力抗惡」的托爾斯泰主義。列寧讀它後受到強烈的感染，說自己「覺得可怕極了」，以致「在房間里待不住」，「覺得自己好像也被關在『第六病室』里了」。
在1890至1900年間，契訶夫曾去米蘭、威尼斯、維也納和巴黎等地療養和游覽。從1892年起，他定居在新購置的莫斯科省謝爾普霍夫縣的梅里霍沃庄園。1898年，身患嚴重肺結核病的契訶夫遷居雅爾塔。1901年他同莫斯科藝術劇院的演員奧爾迦·克尼碧爾結婚。在雅爾塔他常與列夫·托爾斯泰、高爾基、布寧、庫普林和列維坦等人會見。
隨著20世紀初社會運動的進一步高漲，契訶夫意識到一場強大的、盪滌一切的「暴風雨」即將降臨，社會中的懶惰、冷漠、厭惡勞動等惡習將被一掃而光。他歌頌勞動，希望每個人以自己的工作為美好的未來做准備（《三姊妹》，1900~1901）。在1905年革命的前夕寫成的《新娘》(1903)表達了要「把生活翻一個身」、奔赴新生活的渴望。劇本《櫻桃園》(1903~1904)展示了貴族的無可避免的沒落和由新興資產階級所代替的歷史過程，同時表現了毅然同過去告別和嚮往幸福未來的樂觀情緒：櫻桃園伐木的斧聲伴隨著「新生活萬歲！」的歡呼聲。然而由於契訶夫的思想立場從未超越民主主義的范疇，他筆下的新人都不知道創建嶄新生活的必由之路，他們渴望的「新生活」始終只是一種朦朧的憧憬。
1904年6月，契訶夫因肺炎病情惡化，前往德國的溫泉療養地黑森林的巴登維勒治療，7月15日逝世， 在死前他妻子為他倒了一杯香檳，他用德語說我就要死了，然後他用他習慣的可愛的微笑向他妻子笑了笑,隨即平靜地喝完了那杯香檳，側卧在沙發上,進入了他永恆的夢境，遺體運回莫斯科安葬。

E. 外國三大短篇小說家他們的代表作品是什麼能不能說說他們的具體介紹呢

（1）莫泊桑
十九世紀法國著名的批判現實主義小說家。1880年發表第一個短篇小說《羊脂球》，此後陸續寫了一大批思想性和藝術性完美結合的短篇小說，博得世界短篇小說巨匠的贊譽。他的創作廣泛而深刻地反映了十九世紀後半期的法國社會現實，無情地揭露了資產階級道德風尚的丑惡，對下層社會的「小人物」寄予同情。小說構思新穎，描寫生動，人物語言個性化，布局謀篇別具匠心。代表作有短篇小說《羊脂球》、《項鏈》等，長篇小說《一生》、《俊友》（又譯做《漂亮的朋友》等。

（2）契可夫
十世世紀俄國批判現實主義作家、戲劇家和短篇小說藝術大師。他的早期合作諷刺和揭露了俄國社會官場人物媚上欺下的丑惡面目，寫得諧趣橫生，發人深思。八十年代中期，他創作了既幽默又富於悲劇的短篇小說，反映了社會底層人民的被侮辱被損害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意義。代表作有短篇小說《變色龍》、《苦惱》、《萬卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）歐.亨利
十九世紀末二十世紀初美國現實主義著名作家。曾被誣告罪入獄三年。後遷居紐約，專事寫作，他幾乎每周寫一篇短篇小說，供報刊發表。他一生創作了近三百篇短篇小說和一部長篇小說，對腐朽的資本主義制度、反人道的法律、虛偽的道德給予揭露和諷刺。代表作有長篇小說《白菜與皇帝》，短篇小說《麥琪的禮物》、《警察與贊美詩》等。後半期的法國社會現實，無情地揭露了資產階級道德風尚的丑惡，對下層社會的「小人物」寄予同情。小說構思新穎，描寫生動，人物語言個性化，布局謀篇別具匠心。代表作有短篇小說《羊脂球》、《項鏈》等，長篇小說《一生》、《俊友》（又譯做《漂亮的朋友》等。
而能被稱為「世界短篇小說巨匠」的只有莫泊桑。

F. 短篇小說《一個人的遭遇》，作者是誰

我認為，短篇小說《一個人的遭遇》，作者是蘇聯作家肖洛霍夫。

參考文獻：

陳遠，於首奎，梅良模等 主編.世界網路名著大辭典·文學藝術.濟南：山東教育出版社.1992.第247頁.

G. 世界著名短篇小說

THE GIFT OF THE
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.

There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.

While the mistress of the home is graally subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.

In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young."

The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze ring a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introced to you as Della. Which is all very good.

Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out lly at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pier-glass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.

Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet.

On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and down the stairs to the street.

Where she stopped the sign read: "Mne. Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds." One flight up Della ran, and collected herself, panting. Madame, large, too white, chilly, hardly looked the "Sofronie."

"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.

"I buy hair," said Madame. "Take yer hat off and let's have a sight at the looks of it."

Down rippled the brown cascade.

"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.

"Give it to me quick," said Della.

Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor. She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present.

She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out. It was a platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation--as all good things should do. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it on the sly on account of the old leather strap that he used in place of a chain.

When Della reached home her intoxication gave way a little to prudence and reason. She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a tremendous task, dear friends--a mammoth task.

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror long, carefully, and critically.

"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at me, he'll say I look like a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do--oh! what could I do with a dollar and eighty- seven cents?"

At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the back of the stove hot and ready to cook the chops.

Jim was never late. Della doubled the fob chain in her hand and sat on the corner of the table near the door that he always entered. Then she heard his step on the stair away down on the first flight, and she turned white for just a moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still pretty."

The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and to be burdened with a family! He needed a new overcoat and he was without gloves.

Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.

Della wriggled off the table and went for him.

"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. It'll grow out again--you won't mind, will you? I just had to do it. My hair grows awfully fast. Say `Merry Christmas!' Jim, and let's be happy. You don't know what a nice-- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."

"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don't you like me just as well, anyhow? I'm me without my hair, ain't I?"

Jim looked about the room curiously.

"You say your hair is gone?" he said, with an air almost of idiocy.

"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone, too. It's Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?"

Out of his trance Jim seemed quickly to wake. He enfolded his Della. For ten seconds let us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year--what is the difference? A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be illuminated later on.

Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table.

"Don't make any mistake, Dell," he said, "about me. I don't think there's anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first."

White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper. And then an ecstatic scream of joy; and then, alas! a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails, necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of the lord of the flat.

For there lay The Combs--the set of combs, side and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with jewelled rims--just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair. They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had simply craved and yearned over them without the least hope of possession. And now, they were hers, but the tresses that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.

But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim eyes and a smile and say: "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"

And them Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"

Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held it out to him eagerly upon her open palm. The ll precious metal seemed to flash with a reflection of her bright and ardent spirit.

"Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to look at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it."

Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on the couch and put his hands under the back of his head and smiled.

"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on."

The magi, as you know, were wise men--wonderfully wise men--who brought gifts to the Babe in the manger. They invented the art of giving Christmas presents. Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege of exchange in case of plication. And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.

H. 世界短篇小說之王，代表作，主人公

世界短篇小說巨匠是三個啊、
（1）莫泊桑
十九世紀法國著名的批判現實主義小說家。1880年發表第一個短篇小說《羊脂球》，此後陸續寫了一大批思想性和藝術性完美結合的短篇小說，博得世界短篇小說巨匠的贊譽。他的創作廣泛而深刻地反映了十九世紀後半期的法國社會現實，無情地揭露了資產階級道德風尚的丑惡，對下層社會的「小人物」寄予同情。小說構思新穎，描寫生動，人物語言個性化，布局謀篇別具匠心。代表作有短篇小說《羊脂球》、《項鏈》等，長篇小說《一生》、《俊友》（又譯做《漂亮的朋友》等。

（2）契可夫
十世世紀俄國批判現實主義作家、戲劇家和短篇小說藝術大師。他的早期合作諷刺和揭露了俄國社會官場人物媚上欺下的丑惡面目，寫得諧趣橫生，發人深思。八十年代中期，他創作了既幽默又富於悲劇的短篇小說，反映了社會底層人民的被侮辱被損害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意義。代表作有短篇小說《變色龍》、《苦惱》、《萬卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）歐.亨利
十九世紀末二十世紀初美國現實主義著名作家。曾被誣告罪入獄三年。後遷居紐約，專事寫作，他幾乎每周寫一篇短篇小說，供報刊發表。他一生創作了近三百篇短篇小說和一部長篇小說，對腐朽的資本主義制度、反人道的法律、虛偽的道德給予揭露和諷刺。代表作有長篇小說《白菜與皇帝》，短篇小說《麥琪的禮物》、《警察與贊美詩》等。