外国短篇小说作者主人公

A. 外国三大短篇小说家是谁

法国 莫泊桑，代表作《羊脂球》《项链》。

俄国 契诃夫，代表作《万卡》《第六病室》《套中人》。

美国 欧·亨利，代表作《麦琪的礼物》《警察与赞美诗》。

B. 推荐外国一些著名中短篇小说家及其作品

奠泊桑，法国批判现实主义作家，著有300 篇短篇和长篇小说，代表作有《羊脂球》、《俊友》等，课文收有《项链》，《我的叔叔于勒》等。

莎士比亚，英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家和诗人。流传剧本37 部，长诗两首，十四行诗154 首，代表作品有《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》等。

契诃夫，19 世纪末期俄国杰出的批判现实主义作家，举世闻名的短篇小说巨匠和著名的剧作家，代表作有短篇小说《套中人》、《变色龙》、《哀伤》、《苦恼》、《万卡》等，剧本《万尼亚舅舅》、《伊凡诺夫》、《海鸥》、《樱桃园》等。

高尔基，伟大的无产阶级作家，前苏联社会主义文学奠基人。著有《高尔基全集》69 卷。其中著名的作品有自传体三部曲《童年》、《在人间》、《我的大学》等，《母亲》是他的代表作。

马克·吐温，美国杰出的批判现实主义作家，代表作有《镀金时代》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，晚年著有《败坏了赫德莱保的人》。

欧·亨利，美国短篇小说家，著有《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》、《最后的藤叶》等。

伏契克，捷克斯洛伐克民族英雄、新闻记者、作家，著有《亲爱的国家里》、《绞刑架下的报告》。

安徒生，丹麦童话作家。著有《皇帝的新衣》、《夜莺》、《丑小鸭》、《卖火柴的小女孩》、《影子》、《老房子》、《母亲的故事》、《园丁和主人》等。

C. 世界文坛三大“短篇小说之王”分别是哪三位呢

世界三大短篇小说家有以下三人：
（1）莫泊桑
十九世纪法国著名的批判现实主义小说家。1880年发表第一个短篇小说《羊脂球》，此后陆续写了一大批思想性和艺术性完美结合的短篇小说，博得世界短篇小说巨匠的赞誉。他的创作广泛而深刻地反映了十九世纪（1）莫泊桑
十九世纪法国著名的批判现实主义小说家。1880年发表第一个短篇小说《羊脂球》，此后陆续写了一大批思想性和艺术性完美结合的短篇小说，博得世界短篇小说巨匠的赞誉。他的创作广泛而深刻地反映了十九世纪后半期的法国社会现实，无情地揭露了资产阶级道德风尚的丑恶，对下层社会的“小人物”寄予同情。小说构思新颖，描写生动，人物语言个性化，布局谋篇别具匠心。代表作有短篇小说《羊脂球》、《项链》等，长篇小说《一生》、《俊友》（又译做《漂亮的朋友》等。
（2）契可夫
十世世纪俄国批判现实主义作家、戏剧家和短篇小说艺术大师。他的早期合作讽刺和揭露了俄国社会官场人物媚上欺下的丑恶面目，写得谐趣横生，发人深思。八十年代中期，他创作了既幽默又富于悲剧的短篇小说，反映了社会底层人民的被侮辱被损害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意义。代表作有短篇小说《变色龙》、《苦恼》、《万卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）欧.亨利
十九世纪末二十世纪初美国现实主义著名作家。曾被诬告罪入狱三年。后迁居纽约，专事写作，他几乎每周写一篇短篇小说，供报刊发表。他一生创作了近三百篇短篇小说和一部长篇小说，对腐朽的资本主义制度、反人道的法律、虚伪的道德给予揭露和讽刺。代表作有长篇小说《白菜与皇帝》，短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》等。后半期的法国社会现实，无情地揭露了资产阶级道德风尚的丑恶，对下层社会的“小人物”寄予同情。小说构思新颖，描写生动，人物语言个性化，布局谋篇别具匠心。代表作有短篇小说《羊脂球》、《项链》等，长篇小说《一生》、《俊友》（又译做《漂亮的朋友》等。

D. 著名短篇小说作家的简介

世界三大短篇小说大师：莫泊桑、欧亨利、契科夫。
1、居伊·德·莫泊桑（Guy de Maupassant）。于1850年8月出生在法国西北[1]部诺曼底省狄埃卜城附近一个没落的贵族家庭。他的祖辈都是贵族，但到他父亲这一代时没落了，父亲做了交易所的经纪人。他的母亲出身于书香门第，爱好文学，经常对文学作品发表议论，见解独到。莫泊桑出生不久，他的父母由于经常闹矛盾而分居了，他和母亲住在海边的一个别墅里。幼年时的莫泊桑喜欢在苹果园里游玩，在草原观看打猎，喜欢和农民、渔夫、船夫、猎人在一起聊天、干活，这些经历使莫泊桑从小就熟悉了农村生活。从童年时代起，母亲就培养他写诗，到儿子成为著名作家时，她仍然是莫泊桑的文学顾问、批评者和助手，所以他的母亲是他走上文学创作道路的第一位老师。另一位为莫泊桑走上文学道路打下基础的是他13岁在卢昂中学学习时的文学教师路易·布耶。路易·布耶是一个著名的巴那派诗人，他经常指导莫泊桑进行多种体裁的文学创作。
1870年，莫泊桑中学毕业后到巴黎入大学学习法律。这一年普法战争爆发，他应征入伍。在军队中，他亲眼目睹了危难中的祖国和在血泊中呻吟的兵士，心里十分难过，他要把自己的所见所闻写下来，以激发人们的爱国热情。1871年，战争结束后，莫泊桑退役回到巴黎。
1870年，莫泊桑中学毕业后到巴黎入大学学习法律。这一年普法战争爆发，他应征入伍。在军队中，他亲眼目睹了危难中的祖国和在血泊中呻吟的兵士，心里十分难过，他要把自己的所见所闻写下来，以激发人们的爱国热情。1871年，战争结束后，莫泊桑退役回到巴黎。
其创作盛期是80年代，创作了350多部中短篇小说，在揭露上层统治者及其毒化下的社会风气的同时，对被侮辱被损害的小人物寄予深切同情。
莫泊桑的作品对后世产生了极大影响。除了《羊脂球》（1880）,这一短篇文库中的珍品之外，莫泊桑还创作了包括《一家人》（1881）、《我的叔叔于勒》（1883）、《米隆老爹》（1883）、《两个朋友》（1883）、《项链》（1884）及《西蒙的爸爸》、《珠宝》、《小步舞》、《珍珠小姐》等在内的一大批脍炙人口、思想性和艺术性完美结合的短篇佳作。 莫泊桑的长篇小说也达到比较高的成就。
屠格涅夫认为他是19世纪末法国文坛上“最卓越的天才”。托尔斯泰认为他的小说具有“形式的美感”和“鲜明的爱憎”，他之所以是天才，是因为他“不是按照他所希望看到的样子而是照事物本来的样子来看事物”，因而“就能揭发暴露事物，而且使得人们爱那值得爱的，恨那值得恨的事物。”左拉：他的作品“无限地丰富多彩，无不精彩绝妙，令人叹为观止”。恩格斯：“应该向莫泊桑脱帽致敬。”
他勤奋地创作了一生，由于过度劳累得了精神错乱症，后来被送进巴黎的一家疯人院。1893年7月6日莫泊桑逝世，年仅43岁。
2、欧亨利
欧·亨利是其笔名，原名为威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter)。美国著名批判现实主义作家，世界三大短篇小说大师之一。曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。他的作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局常常出人意外，代表作有小说集《白菜与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《带家具出租的房间》、《贤人的礼物》、《最后一片藤叶》等使他获得了世界声誉。
原名威廉·西德尼·波特（William Sydney Porter），是美国最著名的短篇小说家之一，曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。他出生于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭。
他的一生富于传奇性，当过药房学徒、牧牛人、会计员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员。当银行出纳员时，因银行短缺了一笔现金，为避免审讯，离家流亡中美的洪都拉斯。后因回家探视病危的妻子被捕入狱，并在监狱医务室任药剂师。他创作第一部作品的起因是为了给女儿买圣诞礼物，但基于犯人的身份不敢使用真名，乃用一部法国药典的编者的名字作为笔名。1901年提前获释后，迁居纽约，专门从事写作。
欧·亨利善于描写美国社会尤其是纽约百姓的生活。他的作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局总使人“感到在情理之中，又在意料之外”；又因描写了众多的人物，富于生活情趣，被誉为“美国生活的幽默网络全书”。代表作有小说集《白菜与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《麦琪的礼物》（也称作《贤人的礼物》）、《带家具出租的房间》、《最后一片藤叶》等使他获得了世界声誉。
3、契科夫
安东·巴甫洛维奇·契诃夫( Аnton chekhov.Антон Павлович Чехов.1860～1904) 俄国小说家、戏剧家、十九世纪末期俄国批判现实主义作家、短篇小说艺术大师。1860年1月29日生于罗斯托夫省塔甘罗格市。祖父是赎身农奴。父亲曾开设杂货铺，1876年破产，全家迁居莫斯科。但契诃夫只身留在塔甘罗格，靠担任家庭教师以维持生计和继续求学。1879年进莫斯科大学医学系。1884年毕业后在兹威尼哥罗德等地行医，广泛接触平民和了解生活，这对他的文学创作有良好影响。1904年6月，契诃夫因肺炎病情恶化，前往德国的温泉疗养地黑森林的巴登维勒治疗，7月15日逝世。他和法国的莫泊桑，美国的欧·亨利 齐名为三大短篇小说巨匠。
严格来说，契诃夫不是在“写”小说，或者像我们通常意义上的作家在编小说，他是在“吐”小说，“流”小说。他无需编故事，他甚至也不要构思，他的故事在空中四处荡漾。他能从任何角度开篇，又能从任何章节断流，但都是天衣无缝，都是自然胶合。他的人物不请自来，他的情节随手拈来。他仿佛只要拿起笔，就像拧开了自来水龙头，小说便如水源源流出……
在19世纪80年代的俄国，反动的书刊检查制度空前严格，庸俗无聊的幽默刊物风靡一时。契诃夫开始创作时常以安东沙·契洪特等笔名，向这类杂志（如《蜻蜓》、《断片》）投稿。短篇小说《一封给有学问的友邻的信》(1880年)和幽默小品《在长篇、中篇等小说中最常见的是什么？》(1880年)是他初期发表的作品。80年代中叶前，他写下大量诙谐的小品和幽默的短篇小说，很多是无甚价值的笑料和趣事，但其中也有一些比较优秀的作品，继承俄罗斯文学的民主主义优良传统，针砭当时社会的丑恶现象，如写卑欺强节的小官吏（《在钉子上》、《小公务员之死》、《胜利者的胜利》，均1883年），凌辱弱者的士绅和老爷（《英国女子》1883年），见风使舵的奴才骨（《变色龙》，1884年），专制制度的卫道士（《普里希别叶夫中士》，1885年）。但他迫于生计和缺乏经验，在当时主要只求速成和多产。1886年3月，名作家格里戈罗维奇写信要他尊重自己的才华，他深受启发，开始严肃对待创作。写于1886年的《凡卡》、《苦恼》和1888年的《渴睡》，表现了作家对穷苦劳动者的深切同情。1888年问世的著名中篇小说《草原》描绘和歌颂了祖国的大自然，思考农民的命运，表达人民对幸福生活的渴望。《命名日》(1888年)和《公爵夫人》(1889年)等暴露了伪善、爱慕虚荣和庸俗等习气。这些作品在思想内容和艺术技巧方面都有明显进展。但受小资产阶级环境影响的契诃夫在这时不问政治，只“想做一个自由的艺术家”，要有“最最绝对的自由”。他从1886年起为反动文人苏沃林发行的《新时报》撰稿，虽经批评家尼·米哈伊洛夫斯基的劝告，仍同它保持关系。1888年10月，契诃夫获“普希金奖金”半数。这时他已是5部短篇小说集的作者（《梅尔波梅尼的故事》，1884年；《五颜六色的故事》，1886年；《在昏暗中》，1887年；《天真的话》，1887年；《短篇小说集》，1888年）。声誉和地位的日益增高，使他强烈地意识到自己作为作家的社会责任感，认真地思索人生的目的和创作的意义。他说：“自觉的生活，如果缺乏明确的世界观，就不是生活，而是一种负担，一种可怕的事情。”这种思想形象地表现在中篇小说《没意思的故事》(1889年)里。
从这个时期起，契诃夫开始创作戏剧。独幕剧《结婚》(1890年)和《论烟草的危害》(1886年)、《蠢货》(1888年)、《求婚》(1888～1889年)、《一个不由自主的悲剧角色》(1889～1890年)、《纪念日》(1891～1892年)等轻松喜剧在思想内容和喜剧性上接近于他的早期幽默作品。剧本《伊凡诺夫》(1887～1889年)批判缺乏坚定信念、经不起生活考验的80年代的“多余的人”。
1890年4月至12月，体弱的契诃夫不辞长途跋涉，去沙皇政府安置苦役犯和流刑犯的库页岛游历，对那里的所有居民、“将近一万个囚徒和移民”逐一进行调查。库页岛之行提高了他的思想觉悟和创作意境。1891年他在一封信里说：“……如果我是文学家，我就需要生活在人民中间……我至少需要一点点社会生活和政治生活，哪怕很少一点点也好。”他开始觉察到，为《新时报》撰稿所带给他的只是“祸害”，终于在1893年同这家刊物断绝关系。他对俄国的专制制度有了比较深刻的认识，写出了《库页岛》(1893～1894年)和《在流放中》(1892年)等作品，而最重要的则是震撼人心的《第六病室》(1892年)。这部中篇小说控诉监狱一般的沙皇俄国的阴森可怕，也批判了他自己不久前一度醉心的“勿以暴力抗恶”的托尔斯泰主义。列宁读它后受到强烈的感染，说自己“觉得可怕极了”，以致“在房间里待不住”，“觉得自己好像也被关在‘第六病室’里了”。
在1890至1900年间，契诃夫曾去米兰、威尼斯、维也纳和巴黎等地疗养和游览。从1892年起，他定居在新购置的莫斯科省谢尔普霍夫县的梅里霍沃庄园。1898年，身患严重肺结核病的契诃夫迁居雅尔塔。1901年他同莫斯科艺术剧院的演员奥尔迦·克尼碧尔结婚。在雅尔塔他常与列夫·托尔斯泰、高尔基、布宁、库普林和列维坦等人会见。
随着20世纪初社会运动的进一步高涨，契诃夫意识到一场强大的、荡涤一切的“暴风雨”即将降临，社会中的懒惰、冷漠、厌恶劳动等恶习将被一扫而光。他歌颂劳动，希望每个人以自己的工作为美好的未来做准备（《三姊妹》，1900~1901）。在1905年革命的前夕写成的《新娘》(1903)表达了要“把生活翻一个身”、奔赴新生活的渴望。剧本《樱桃园》(1903~1904)展示了贵族的无可避免的没落和由新兴资产阶级所代替的历史过程，同时表现了毅然同过去告别和向往幸福未来的乐观情绪：樱桃园伐木的斧声伴随着“新生活万岁！”的欢呼声。然而由于契诃夫的思想立场从未超越民主主义的范畴，他笔下的新人都不知道创建崭新生活的必由之路，他们渴望的“新生活”始终只是一种朦胧的憧憬。
1904年6月，契诃夫因肺炎病情恶化，前往德国的温泉疗养地黑森林的巴登维勒治疗，7月15日逝世， 在死前他妻子为他倒了一杯香槟，他用德语说我就要死了，然后他用他习惯的可爱的微笑向他妻子笑了笑,随即平静地喝完了那杯香槟，侧卧在沙发上,进入了他永恒的梦境，遗体运回莫斯科安葬。

E. 外国三大短篇小说家他们的代表作品是什么能不能说说他们的具体介绍呢

（1）莫泊桑
十九世纪法国著名的批判现实主义小说家。1880年发表第一个短篇小说《羊脂球》，此后陆续写了一大批思想性和艺术性完美结合的短篇小说，博得世界短篇小说巨匠的赞誉。他的创作广泛而深刻地反映了十九世纪后半期的法国社会现实，无情地揭露了资产阶级道德风尚的丑恶，对下层社会的“小人物”寄予同情。小说构思新颖，描写生动，人物语言个性化，布局谋篇别具匠心。代表作有短篇小说《羊脂球》、《项链》等，长篇小说《一生》、《俊友》（又译做《漂亮的朋友》等。

（2）契可夫
十世世纪俄国批判现实主义作家、戏剧家和短篇小说艺术大师。他的早期合作讽刺和揭露了俄国社会官场人物媚上欺下的丑恶面目，写得谐趣横生，发人深思。八十年代中期，他创作了既幽默又富于悲剧的短篇小说，反映了社会底层人民的被侮辱被损害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意义。代表作有短篇小说《变色龙》、《苦恼》、《万卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）欧.亨利
十九世纪末二十世纪初美国现实主义著名作家。曾被诬告罪入狱三年。后迁居纽约，专事写作，他几乎每周写一篇短篇小说，供报刊发表。他一生创作了近三百篇短篇小说和一部长篇小说，对腐朽的资本主义制度、反人道的法律、虚伪的道德给予揭露和讽刺。代表作有长篇小说《白菜与皇帝》，短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》等。后半期的法国社会现实，无情地揭露了资产阶级道德风尚的丑恶，对下层社会的“小人物”寄予同情。小说构思新颖，描写生动，人物语言个性化，布局谋篇别具匠心。代表作有短篇小说《羊脂球》、《项链》等，长篇小说《一生》、《俊友》（又译做《漂亮的朋友》等。
而能被称为“世界短篇小说巨匠”的只有莫泊桑。

F. 短篇小说《一个人的遭遇》，作者是谁

我认为，短篇小说《一个人的遭遇》，作者是苏联作家肖洛霍夫。

参考文献：

陈远，于首奎，梅良模等 主编.世界网络名著大辞典·文学艺术.济南：山东教育出版社.1992.第247页.

G. 世界著名短篇小说

THE GIFT OF THE
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.

There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.

While the mistress of the home is graally subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.

In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young."

The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze ring a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introced to you as Della. Which is all very good.

Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out lly at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pier-glass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.

Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet.

On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and down the stairs to the street.

Where she stopped the sign read: "Mne. Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds." One flight up Della ran, and collected herself, panting. Madame, large, too white, chilly, hardly looked the "Sofronie."

"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.

"I buy hair," said Madame. "Take yer hat off and let's have a sight at the looks of it."

Down rippled the brown cascade.

"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.

"Give it to me quick," said Della.

Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor. She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present.

She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out. It was a platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation--as all good things should do. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it on the sly on account of the old leather strap that he used in place of a chain.

When Della reached home her intoxication gave way a little to prudence and reason. She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a tremendous task, dear friends--a mammoth task.

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror long, carefully, and critically.

"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at me, he'll say I look like a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do--oh! what could I do with a dollar and eighty- seven cents?"

At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the back of the stove hot and ready to cook the chops.

Jim was never late. Della doubled the fob chain in her hand and sat on the corner of the table near the door that he always entered. Then she heard his step on the stair away down on the first flight, and she turned white for just a moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still pretty."

The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and to be burdened with a family! He needed a new overcoat and he was without gloves.

Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.

Della wriggled off the table and went for him.

"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. It'll grow out again--you won't mind, will you? I just had to do it. My hair grows awfully fast. Say `Merry Christmas!' Jim, and let's be happy. You don't know what a nice-- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."

"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don't you like me just as well, anyhow? I'm me without my hair, ain't I?"

Jim looked about the room curiously.

"You say your hair is gone?" he said, with an air almost of idiocy.

"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone, too. It's Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?"

Out of his trance Jim seemed quickly to wake. He enfolded his Della. For ten seconds let us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year--what is the difference? A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be illuminated later on.

Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table.

"Don't make any mistake, Dell," he said, "about me. I don't think there's anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first."

White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper. And then an ecstatic scream of joy; and then, alas! a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails, necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of the lord of the flat.

For there lay The Combs--the set of combs, side and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with jewelled rims--just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair. They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had simply craved and yearned over them without the least hope of possession. And now, they were hers, but the tresses that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.

But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim eyes and a smile and say: "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"

And them Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"

Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held it out to him eagerly upon her open palm. The ll precious metal seemed to flash with a reflection of her bright and ardent spirit.

"Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to look at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it."

Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on the couch and put his hands under the back of his head and smiled.

"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on."

The magi, as you know, were wise men--wonderfully wise men--who brought gifts to the Babe in the manger. They invented the art of giving Christmas presents. Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege of exchange in case of plication. And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.

H. 世界短篇小说之王，代表作，主人公

世界短篇小说巨匠是三个啊、
（1）莫泊桑
十九世纪法国著名的批判现实主义小说家。1880年发表第一个短篇小说《羊脂球》，此后陆续写了一大批思想性和艺术性完美结合的短篇小说，博得世界短篇小说巨匠的赞誉。他的创作广泛而深刻地反映了十九世纪后半期的法国社会现实，无情地揭露了资产阶级道德风尚的丑恶，对下层社会的“小人物”寄予同情。小说构思新颖，描写生动，人物语言个性化，布局谋篇别具匠心。代表作有短篇小说《羊脂球》、《项链》等，长篇小说《一生》、《俊友》（又译做《漂亮的朋友》等。

（2）契可夫
十世世纪俄国批判现实主义作家、戏剧家和短篇小说艺术大师。他的早期合作讽刺和揭露了俄国社会官场人物媚上欺下的丑恶面目，写得谐趣横生，发人深思。八十年代中期，他创作了既幽默又富于悲剧的短篇小说，反映了社会底层人民的被侮辱被损害的不幸生活，具有深刻的思想意义。代表作有短篇小说《变色龙》、《苦恼》、《万卡》、《第六病室》、《套中人》等。

（3）欧.亨利
十九世纪末二十世纪初美国现实主义著名作家。曾被诬告罪入狱三年。后迁居纽约，专事写作，他几乎每周写一篇短篇小说，供报刊发表。他一生创作了近三百篇短篇小说和一部长篇小说，对腐朽的资本主义制度、反人道的法律、虚伪的道德给予揭露和讽刺。代表作有长篇小说《白菜与皇帝》，短篇小说《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》等。